Designing Rubber Parts

August 24th, 2010

Today’s product designers have a variety of prototyping processes available to them. Some still rely on traditional manufacturing methods, while others use sophisticated technologies that have been improved upon over the years. The objective is to quickly determine which process or technology is best suited for your unique application.

Traditional rapid prototyping processes that use thermoplastics or polycarbonates, i.e. Stereolithography (SLA), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) or Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) are great for testing form, but many times these processes are no substitute for testing with real rubber compounds that will actually be used in production.

In the early stages of the design process concept models are very useful. As the design progresses, a prototype that encompasses the size, finish, color, shape, strength, durability and material characteristics of the intended final product becomes increasingly important. Therefore, using the right material and prototyping process becomes critical.

If your prototype can accurately represent the attributes of the end-product, it is by definition functional. These requirements often include material properties (e.g. flame resistance), dimensional accuracy for compatibility with mating parts and aesthetic surface finishes for appearance.

If your prototype design can be reproduced in a manner that supports the requirements of the end-product, it is by definition manufacturable. These requirements include the ability to maintain functionality, keep within the forecasted cost structure, and support the production schedule. No matter how great your design is though, it must still be manufactured for a profit. Make sure your prototyping process takes this into account.

Finally, even though your prototype design may be functional and manufacturable, it doesn’t mean anyone will want to use it. Prototypes are the only way to really verify the viability of the design. If your design can pass the challenges associated with market trials (e.g. tradeshow displays, usability testing) and regulatory testing (e.g. FDA testing of medical devices), you’re well on your way to a successful product launch.

Companies like Vicone, who specialize in high performance rubber materials, can provide product designers the fastest, easiest and most cost-effective method of obtaining low volumes of molded or extruded rubber parts. By streamlining the “CAD model-to-prototype” process you will not only reduce your lead times, but be better able to validate your design and ensure proper fit, form and function in all testing environments.

Reclaimed Rubber Market down $120.00 USD/TON.

August 22nd, 2010

Over the past month EPDM regrind fell $120.00 USD/TON. Scrap Butyl Tubes decreased $20.00 USD/TON, Tire Derived Fuel (TDF) was $0.57 USD/MT higher and 10 mesh #4 Tire Granule was indicated unchanged .

The Tire and Rubber Recycling Composite Index advanced 0.82% in the past 30 days. The index tracks a basket of benchmark grades of scrap and reclaimed rubber on a daily basis.

Reclaim Rubber - Uses

August 20th, 2010

With the rapidly growing rubber industry, rubber wastage is also increasing. However, the rubber industry has found the innovative way of making reclaim rubber and using them in a variety of applications. Reclaimed rubber is manufactured from waste rubber products like scrap tires and tubes. Reclaimed rubber is mostly used in making of tyres, rubber sheets, tiles, mats and tubeless tyres.

Uses of Reclaim Rubber

Reclaim rubber is used in different proportions for producing various rubber products. Application of reclaim rubber is seen in the making of following industrial products.

  • Automotive Tires
  • Bicycle Tires
  • Tire Flaps
  • Battery Containers
  • Shoe Soles
  • V Belts & Conveyor Belts
  • Different types & sizes of Mats
  • Rubber Sheets
  • Extruded & Molded Rubber Goods
  • Butyl Inner Tubes
  • Tire Inner Liners
  • Adhesives
  • Cable Compound
  • Sound Dampers
  • Cycle Tubes
  • Two, three & four wheeler Auto Tubes
  • Automobil Parts

Reclaim Rubber Manufacturing Processes

There are a number of manufacturing processes for reclaim rubber. These include:

Thermal processes for reclaim rubber

  • Heater or pan process
  • Digester process
  • Alkaline process
  • Neutral process
  • High-pressure steam process
  • Engelke process
  • Continuous steam process

Thermo-mechanical processes for reclaim rubber

  • High-speed mixing
  • Reclaimator process

Mechano-chemical methods for reclaim rubber

  • Trelleborg cold reclaiming (TCR) process
  • De-Link process
  • Swelling in benzene with a sulfoxide

Microwave recycling for reclaim rubber

Ultrasound recycling for reclaim rubber

Selective scission of cross links by chemical probes for reclaim rubber

  • Comparison of chemical probes and reclaiming
  • Other chemical methods

Biotechnological processes for reclaiming of rubber

Devulcanization in supercritical carbon dioxide for reclaim rubber

The most widely used rubber reclamation process includes shredding of tires and other rubber wastes to suitable size with the help of tyre shredder and other reclaim rubber machinery. The fibers are then mechanically removed from the cracked tires. Comparatively fiber-free scrap is ground to finer mesh size and further mixed with chemical agents in a reclaimator which is again a reclaim rubber machinery. The temperature in the reclaimator is kept in the range of 204-260 C for the desirable time for de-vulcanization. Reclaimed material is then mixed and blended with small proportions of reinforcing and processing agents.

Uses of Reclaim Rubber

August 12th, 2010

With the rapidly growing rubber industry, rubber wastage is also increasing. However, the rubber industry has found the innovative way of making reclaim rubber and using them in a variety of applications. Reclaimed rubber is manufactured from waste rubber products like scrap tires and tubes. Reclaimed rubber is mostly used in making of tyres, rubber sheets, tiles, mats and tubeless tyres.

Reclaim rubber is used in different proportions for producing various rubber products. Application of reclaim rubber is seen in the making of following industrial products.
Automotive Tires
Bicycle Tires
Tire Flaps
Battery Containers
Shoe Soles
V Belts & Conveyor Belts
Different types & sizes of Mats
Rubber Sheets
Extruded & Molded Rubber Goods
Butyl Inner Tubes
Tire Inner Liners
Adhesives
Cable Compound
Sound Dampers
Cycle Tubes

Reclaim Rubber Manufacturing Processes
There are a number of manufacturing processes for reclaim rubber. These include:
Thermal processes for reclaim rubber
Heater or pan process
Digester process
Alkaline process
Neutral process
High-pressure steam process
Engelke process
Continuous steam process
Thermo-mechanical processes for reclaim rubber
High-speed mixing
Reclaimator process
Mechano-chemical methods for reclaim rubber
Trelleborg cold reclaiming (TCR) process
De-Link process
Swelling in benzene with a sulfoxide
Microwave recycling for reclaim rubber
Ultrasound recycling for reclaim rubber
Selective scission of cross links by chemical probes for reclaim rubber
Comparison of chemical probes and reclaiming
Other chemical methods
Biotechnological processes for reclaiming of rubber
Devulcanization in supercritical carbon dioxide for reclaim rubber

Reclaim rubber machines work differently. Know about different reclaim rubber machinery and other information related to them. Those dealing in reclaim rubber can find reclaim rubber machinery suppliers.

The Use of Rubber

August 11th, 2010

 

Rubber is a versatile, elastic substance that comes from plants and from synthetic production. It is used in all aspects of daily life, from pencil erasers to tires to doctors’ gloves. Rubber products permeate our world. They are used extensively in automobiles, from tires to gaskets. They are used in industrial machinery and household appliances. Rubber is used in production of some articles of clothing and footwear. There are two major types of rubber: natural rubber and synthetic rubber. However, there are a variety of subordinate rubber materials, usually denoted by degrees of hardness, which can be produced from either type. Natural rubber was first discovered in the Amazon and for a time, Brazil experienced a boom from rubber production. Seeds from the rubber tree were eventually smuggled to Britain and exported to British colonies in Asia. Since the late 20th century, the majority of natural rubber has been produced in Asia, where there are vast rubber plantations. Synthetic rubber is produced across the globe.

The application of rubber is very wide, now let’s introduce rubber

Household
Rubber is used everywhere in the home. Rubber bands hold newspapers together for delivery on the front porch, and bundle broccoli in the refrigerator. A rubber hose delivers water to the garden, and rubber gloves protect the hands during cleanup chores. A rubber spatula allows a cook to fry eggs without scratching a non-stick frying pan. After a hard day of work, foam rubber makes pillows and sofa cushions soft and comfortable.

Agriculture
Modern farm life depends on rubber in a variety of ways. For example, rubber hoses deliver water to crops, and rubber tractor tires roll through the fields during harvest.

Transportation
Rubber helps us get around. Tires for cars, bikes, wheelchairs and airplanes are made from rubber, as are the soles of shoes. Rubber tips go on the ends of crutches and canes, and rubber is used to make handrails for escalators.

How to Recycle Rubber

August 9th, 2010

 

Today Rubber processing is  one of the serious problems. In order to meet increasing performance requirements of materials, rubber towards high strength, durability, stability and aging of the direction, but also caused long abandoned rubber  problem that  can not be natural degradation, causing a large number of scrap rubber than plastic pollution (white pollution)which are more difficult to deal with the black pollution. On the other hand wasted valuable rubber resource.

Every year, millions of tons of scrap rubber, how to deal with them effectively,it has become a common concern of society. Due to the complexity of processing the material, rubber is a somewhat difficult material to recycle. However, if you take part in a rubber recycling program, you can help cut down on the materials used to make the product. Recycled rubber has many beneficial uses, including making padding for playgrounds.

Step 1
Gather the rubber products you have for recycling. Most people will have used rubber tires available for recycle. Most recycling centers take intact and shredded rubber tires.

Step 2
Find the nearest recycling center. Most townships don’t pick up rubber left at the curb for recycling. You’ll have to transport the rubber yourself to the nearest recycling center.

Step 3
Recycle your rubber by trading it through a business-to-business exchange. Organizations will advertise their need for rubber products online. You contact them and they’ll arrange pick up and transport. Find ads on the site .

Step 4
Contact a business that manufactures rubber mulch. Rubber mulch is put down to make playgrounds and other areas softer and safer for kids. Contact these businesses to find out where you can recycle your rubber products. Get in touch with Rubber Recycle for more information on how you can help .

How to Dispose of Rubber Tires

August 4th, 2010

Although rubber is a very useful product that can be recycled, disposing of tires is often not that easy. Unlike most products that can be disposed of by simply putting them in the garbage, the chances of a garbage truck taking your tires is slim to none. The good news is you can usually find a way to get rid of tires, or put them to another use, with a little persistence or imagination.
Instructions
1.
Take your tires to a business that sells used tires. It may purchase a tire that has not been severely punctured and still has some tread. Some businesses will also take your tires if you buy new ones.
2.
Go to a local recycling center. Many of them will take products made out of rubber.
3.
Talk to your local garage and find out how it gets rid of tires. The owner can tell you how his business disposes of tires or he may take them off your hands for a minimal price.
4.
Use your tires to create a swing, or use them for landscaping purposes such as a border for a garden. Technically this is not disposing of the tires, but you can put them to good use with a little creativity.
5.
Take your tires to a rubber-conversion facility in your area. These plants recycle tires and convert them for other uses.

Rubber Production: Tapping rubber trees, latex collection and processing of raw rubber

August 3rd, 2010

 

Many plants produce latex, which oozes from cuts and injuries as a milky sap.  Special cells called laticifers produce latex.  In general, latexes have a biological function in herbivore defense and/or laticifers are a dumping ground for metabolic by-products or reservoirs of biosynthetic materials.  All latexes are emulsions, aqueous suspensions of insoluble materials which can include alkaloids, terpenes, resins, phenolics, proteins, sugars, and long-chain hydrocarbons.  Not all latexes are elastic; those that are contain long-chain hydrocarbons.  Some latexes are collected for their resins or their alkaloids (opium).

Rubber is a coagulated, elastic latex.  Plants that produce elastic latexes are largely neotropical.  Commercial rubber is produced from latex of Hevea brasiliensis.  The water proofing and elastic properties (rubber balls) of various rubber producing plants were discovered by native American cultures, the Aztecs or earlier mesoamericans, and South American tribes.

Orginially collected from wild trees in South America, now 90% of rubber production comes from plantations of rubber trees in Southeast Asia.  The following images will show you rubber tree tapping, latex collection and processing from an experimental plantation in southern Thailand.

Rubber materials

August 2nd, 2010

 
Rubber materials used for gaskets are based upon a polymer which is blended with additives to give each formula unique properties. A rubber material tailor-made for a specific end use is seldom appropriate for use in other applications. For technically more advanced products, specially developed materials meet specific requirements
The most important ingredient is the polymer, which may be from 15 to 70% (usually around 50%) by weight of the final mix.
 

A typical formulation is based upon:
Polymer 50%
Fillers 40%
Softener 5%
Activators 2%
Curative 1%
Accelerators 1%
Antioxidant 1%
 

Lifetime
Gradually all rubber materials age. This means they loose their original properties, and makes them unsuitable for further use. The rate of ageing depends on the original quality of the product and the environment. Liquids and chemicals, their concentration and temperature affect the degradation process. Also variation in temperature and pressure influence the performance and lifetime of a rubber product.

Chemical resistance
Each rubber material has its unique resistance towards various chemicals. Polymer and additives are carefully selected to meet different needs and facilitate optimal performance.

High temperature
At high temperatures, the rubber material will be attacked faster by surrounding chemicals and oxygen in the atmosphere. The oxidation process will either make the rubber harder or make it softer, or even a combination of both. Therefore the selected type of rubber material must be resistant to the temperature in the application in order to maintain good performance and meet stated lifetime.

Low temperature
At low temperatures stiffness increases, and elasticity decreases. This change influences the sealing force of the gaskets. All rubber materials have a certain lowest temperature that has to be exceeded to be able to perform well enough as a gasket.

Rubber farming: Uplifting rural economy

August 1st, 2010

Natural rubber which was foreign to the Nagas has its origin in forest of Brazil on the side of the river Amazon has found its place in Nagaland and has now become a Naga bride. Blessed with fertile soil and with suitable climatic condition, Naga farmers are keenly taking up rubber farming in various capacities in different part of the district.
 
Viewing the feasibility and climatic condition of the district, the department of land resources development Longleng introduced Rubber in the district under IWMP initially with 50,000 rubber stamps covering 100 Ha, with an objective to uplift the rural economy of the people inhabited the district. And also help natural regeneration through rubber plantation in the district.

For the first time Longleng farmers took up rubber cultivation,it needed motivation and intensive training.

To impart first hand information and to train the farmers how to raise rubber stump from primary to secondary nursery, the department of land resources development Longleng had earlier conducted a training cum exposure trip for 25 progressive rubber farmers to rubber farm at Pongitong village under Wokha district from June 8 and 9 which was flagged off by DC Longleng C.K Nihekhu Sema.

The training cum exposure trip gave an opportunity to the farmers of Longleng to interact with the rubber growers of Wokha district in the field; they also had a session with DPO LRD Wokha who is also rubber expert in the field.

According to Longleng district project officer, Menuosietuo Tseikha, the trip was not only an eye opener to the farmers of the district but also gave adequate information of the management and more information on rubber tree, transplantation, budding, nursery management etc.

The crop if taken care properly will be harvested after 7 years which will continue till the plant attained 40 years old. It will not only give economic improvement of the villagers but contribute largely to the global climatic change, in the way of retaining ground water table and control soil erosion as well.

The team was also led to rubber plantation where intercropped was done with the upland Jhum paddy and pineapple fields. Intercropping helps the farmers to get additional benefit while doing weeding for other plants rubber plant can also be taken care.

Rubber which has maximum usage in automobile and other domestic industry has greater demand with every passing year.

Of all the 895 species natural rubber in which the latex is produced, Hervea brasiliensis is the most commercial natural rubber which was introduced to Asia in 1876 by Sir Henry Wickham. It spread to India through Sri Lanka and today India contributes 0.8 MT per annum to the international consumption, where Nagaland also contributes about 0.3% rubber latex of Indian production.